[FIX] product: unwanted attribute values in name

- Create the following attributes with values:
  Size: S, M, L, XL
  Color: Black, White
- Create a product template with the following attribute values:
  Size: S, M, L, XL
  Color: Black

The `name_get` of `product.product` returns `Name (SIZE, Black)` while
it should only return `Name (SIZE)`.

When using `attribute_id.value_ids`, the list of values contains all
possible values of the attribute, not only the values which apply to the
given product. In this case, it contains 'Black' and 'White', therefore
the condition `> 1` is verified and the attribute is kept for display.

We go back to the original filtering, and add `attribute_line_ids` in
the list fields read in order to avoid prefetching.

opw-1922140
opw-1922447

closes odoo/odoo#30273