[FIX] payment: link transaction to invoice with payment link

Steps:
- Install account,payment
- Go to Invoicing
- Create an invoice
- Click Actions > Generate a Payment Link
- Follow the generated link
- Pay

Bug:
The transaction is not linked to the sale order in the link table
`account_invoice_transaction_rel`

Explanation:
This fix is broadly mimicking the behavior of the sales module regarding
the link of an order to a transaction, adding `invoice_id`s where they
are needed throughout the payment process in order to link the
transaction to the invoice.

opw:2451534

closes odoo/odoo#67296

X-original-commit: 7c6d06fa
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Lempereur (nle) <nle@odoo.com>
Signed-off-by: backspac <backspac@users.noreply.github.com>