[REM] adyen_platforms, *: remove Odoo Payments modules

*: extensions of `adyen_platforms`, namely:
   - pos_adyen: remove related code, records, views, ...
   - payment_odoo: remove the module
   - sale_payment_odoo: remove the module

Modules related to Odoo Payments are already all merged since 14.0 and
14.4 (depending on the module). As the plan is to merge the final
version of Odoo Payments in 15.0 soon after the release, we want to
avoid all the complications that inevitably come with huge diffs, model
changes, XMLID collisions, etc. when merging in a stable version. Even
though it is possible to install these modules since 14.0, no
information could be lost during the upgrade since the entry point of
the application has never been activated.

task-2637770

closes odoo/odoo#75852

Related: odoo/upgrade#2804
Signed-off-by: Antoine Vandevenne (anv) <anv@odoo.com>
Co-authored-by: Antoine Vandevenne (anv)